Which element is not part of a basic self-defense strategy?

A fundamental self-defense strategy involves several elements designed to protect oneself effectively and safely in potentially harmful situations. Among these, avoidance, de-escalation, and physical techniques all contribute to the overall goal of self-defense.

Avoidance is the first line of defense; it emphasizes recognizing potentially dangerous situations and steering clear of them whenever possible. The principle here is that the best way to win a fight is to avoid it altogether.

De-escalation refers to the techniques used to calm volatile situations and diffuse aggression before they escalate into physical confrontations. This aspect of self-defense is crucial as it helps prevent violence and promotes peaceful conflict resolution.

Physical techniques are tactical skills and maneuvers that a person uses directly to defend against an attacker when avoidance or de-escalation are not viable options. These can include strikes, holds, and blocks, among others.

In contrast, aggression does not belong to this foundational approach. While assertiveness is important in some self-defense situations, unbridled aggression can lead to escalation and potentially harmful outcomes. Thus, it is not a recommended element of a responsible self-defense strategy, as the aim is to protect oneself and de-escalate threats rather than to escalate conflict through aggressive behavior.